Words words...

I was looking through AskOxford, the online version of Oxford dictionary and came across a section dedicated to the words the English language has taken from other languages. Here is a compilation of what they have taken from South Asia. I then tried to see whether I knew the actual word in the local language (only those I can speak or understand) for these English ones. The result gave an idea of how anglicised the words got as they moved from the locals to the English. Below is the list and the words in brackets is the local version in case it seems to have changed heavily. The ones that have a question mark are the ones I never knew came from an Indian language.

1) Hindi/Urdu: bungalow (bunglaa), crore, dacoit (daaku), deodar, dinghy (?), dungaree, ghee, gymkhana, jodphurs, lakh, loot, paisa, pakora, Raj, samo(o)sa, shampoo (?), tandoori, tom-tom, wallah.

2) Malayalam: betel, coir, copra, ginger (?), teak.

3) Marathi: mongoose.

4) Sanskrit through various languages: ashram, avatar, banya, banyan, beryl, brahmin, carmine, cheetah, chintz, chutney, crimson, juggernaut, jungle, jute, lacquer, mandarin, palanquin, pundit, sapphire, sugar, suttee; more or less direct: ahimsa, asana, ashrama, atman, avatar, bodhisattva, brahmin, Buddha, chakra, guru, hatha yoga, karma, lingam, maharaja(h), mahatma, mantra, Maya, nirvana, raja(h), rani/ranee, satyagraha, sutra, swastika, yantra, yoga, yogasana.

5) Tamil: catamaran, cheroot, curry, mango, mulligatawny, pariah.

6) Telugu: bandicoot (pandi kokku).